Florida Estate Planning Lawyer Blog

Often before the death, a spouse or someone else in control of assets attempts to rearrange the assets so that it will benefit them and in doing so it can interfere with the desires of the decedent.

In these situations, the prospective beneficiaries who have been damaged have the right to bring a cause of action against the person who manipulated the decedent's assets.

Some examples of this type of activity include cashing out insurance policies, paying bills our of one account but not another, removing funds from one account and transferring them to another in which they are the beneficiary. Selling or disposing of assets that would go to one beneficiary and converting them to cash what is distributed in another manner.

In a recent appeal over this issue it was made clear that it is not enough to have shown that someone engaged in this type of wrongful activity, but also must provide legally admissible evidence of the damage that was caused to the beneficiaries. Failure to show damages, a required element of the claim, subjected the case to a directed verdict and final judgment of dismissal.

If you are considering a claims against someone who has interfered with your expectancy, you should contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer who understands the elements of the cause of action as well as the ability to gather and introduce legally admissible evidence.

In Florida, a creditor may open a probate to reach assets of a decedent which were kept in a trust. The trustee of a decedent's trust is responsible to file a notice of trust with the probate court. If you are unsuccessful in having the trust pay the debts directly, you can open a probate on behalf of the estate, file your claims and are entitled to be reimbursed for the legal expenses related to the opening of the probate. See Florida Statute 736.05053. Remember that failure to file a claim within 2 years of the decedents death can waive your rights to file a claim in the probate court.

If you are owned money by a decedent and can not figure out how to file a claim, contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to discuss your options.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 8 Save $250 on Domestic Violence Issues

Just because it is the holidays doesn't mean domestic violence incidences come to a screeching halt. In fact, the opposite can be true. Many reports suggest that domestic violence rates increase during the holidays.

If you find yourself this holiday season in the unfortunate position of dealing with or needing an injunction (commonly known as a restraining order) Contact a Jacksonville Family Law Attorney for more details on this offer. To read more about domestic violence, divorce, family law, child support, or child custody visit the Jacksonville Divorce Attorney Blog

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Some of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us about it by December 25th and pay for it by the end of the year.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 7 File Chapter 7 and Save $500

December is often a hard time for families to pay their bills. Often in January, people begin to think about filing bankruptcy. This can be a problem because one of the things that must be done prior to filing a bankruptcy is to have filed all previous tax returns including the current year. It is virtually impossible to file your tax returns in January for most people. To reward those who file by the end of the year, we are offing a $500 discount on Chapter 7 Bankruptcy filings. Court fees and costs are not included and generally run $301. To find out more about filing bankruptcy contact a Jacksonville Bankruptcy Lawyer or visit our Jacksonville Bankruptcy Lawyer Blog.

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Some of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us about it by December 25th and pay for it by the end of the year.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 6 Save $500 on Divorce

Considering divorce and want a fresh start for 2012? Apple Law Firm wants to help you make the transition from married to single life as seamless and stress-free as possible. Thus, we are offering $500 off fee agreement which involved a divorce until the end of the year. Contact a Jacksonville Family Law Attorney for more details on this offer. To read more about divorce, family law, child support, or child custody visit the Jacksonville Divorce Attorney Blog

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Some of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us about it by December 25th and pay for it by the end of the year.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 5 Injured Over the Holidays Save with lower legal fees.

Just because it is the holidays doesn't mean domestic violence incidences come to a screeching halt. In fact, the opposite can be true. Many reports suggest that domestic violence rates increase during the holidays.

As the Holiday season approaches Apple Law Firm's Personal Injury Attorneys would like to offer our new clients an opportunity for a Free Consultation and a Reduced Contingency Fee agreement of only 25% maximum. Note fees and costs are extra as with any PI case. This is 15% below the normal contingency fee and represents a significant reduction legal fees which could result in more money in your pocket. This offer applies to any new Jacksonville Personal Injury case with a signed fee agreement. Don't let the Holiday season get the best of you, contact us today!

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Some of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us and have a signed fee agreement by 12/31/11.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

In Florida a Will must be in writing, signed by the signed by the testator and authenticated by two witnesses. Florida does not recognize holographic wills that are valid in another state if they do not meet the above requirements. Other than holographic wills, Florida will recognize a will that was validly created in another country.

Therefore a foreign will other than a holographic will is valid in Florida and holographic wills created in anther state or country which are signed by the testator and authenticated by two witnesses are also valid in Florida.

There are three ways in which a will can be contested in Florida.

1. Undue Influence;


2. Testamentary Capacity;


3. Failure to Execute with the Required Formalities.

The above example would involve Failure to Execute with the Required Formalities.
Florida Statute 732.502 defines the requirements that a testator must follow to create a valid will. Carefull attention need to be paid to a will that was not executed in Florida, or an old will to make sure that the requirements were followed at the time the will was created and not necessarily the current requirements.

In addition, a foreign will could be challenged under testamentary capacity. To have the proper testamentary capacity to make a will in Florida you must be of sound mind and either an emancipated minor or more than 18 years of age. Sound mind is having the mental ability to understand the making of a will, knowing what your assets are, and being able to choose who is going to receive them. You do not have to understand it later, but only have a lucid moment at the time you execute the document. If there is a question about mental capacity, it is a good idea to ask questions, and document the answers at the time the will is signed to create evidence of mental capacity for any future dispute.

The third type of will contest deals with undue influence. This happens when a beneficiary or another person causes a person to change a will to the detriment of another person. These are very hard cases to prove but do occur. Often a family member, caregiver, friend, or neighbor with access to a person can cause them to change a will with undue influence.

If you are considering contesting a will in Florida, you should discuss your situation with a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to determine what your options are.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 4 Gun Trust $100 off

Interested in a Gun Trust or one of our new Asset Protection Gun Trusts? This special is for today only. If you contact us by email or telephone today, we will knock $100 off the price of your Gun Trust. To learn more about what a Gun Trust is visit the Gun Trust Lawyer® Blog If you contact us after hours on Dec

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 2 Foreclosure Defense Pay 2 Months get one Free

This special is for any new or existing Foreclosure Defense clients and can offer you a substantial discount and save you a substantial amount of money. While we understand that not everyone will be able to take advantage of the offer, for those of you who can it should be considered. If you pay for 2 months of Foreclosure Defense we will give you a credit for an additional month at no charge. For more informaiton on Strategic Default or Foreclosure Defense in Florida, please see the target="_blank">Florida Foreclosure Defense Lawyers Blog.

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Many of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us about it by December 25th and pay for it by the end of the year.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 2 Criminal Defense $500 off retainer

If you or a family member has been accused or are under investigation for a Crime and are looking to hire a Florida Criminal Defense lawyer to represent you, we have an offer that may make it easier to hire an attorney around the end of the year. The Apple Law Firm is offering to reduce any new retainer by $500 for representation for a felony or misdemeanor crime. For more information, you may review the Jacksonville Criminal Defense Lawyers Blog.

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Many of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us about it by December 25th and pay for it by the end of the year.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

Jim McDermott and the House Democrats introduced a bill to extend the estate tax beyond 2012. The proposal would reduce the current estate tax exemption from $5 million to just 1 million and raise the estate tax rate from 35% to a top rate of 55%.

The bill also contains restrictions on Grantor Retained Annuity Trusts :

• Minimum 10 year term;


• Annuity payment cannot be reduced from one year to the next during the first 10 years of the GRAT term; and


• The remainder interest at the time of the transfer must have "a value greater than zero.''


• The bill contains no guidance regarding the parameters of the "greater than zero" requirement.


• Effective for transfers made after the date of enactment.

The bill would also limit discount on minority interest in companies or investments:

• For the transfer of an interest in an entity which is not actively traded, no valuation discount would be allowed with respect to "nonbusiness assets";


• For the transfer of an interest in an entity which is not actively traded, no discount would be allowed by reason of the fact that the transferee does not have control of the entity if the transferee and the transferee's family members have control of the entity.


• Effective with regard to transfers after the date of enactment.

"It really is a question of clarity," for both families and planners, McDermott said. "The question is how to bring fairness into it."

Under McDermott's proposal, co-sponsored by Rep. Charles Rangel , the exemption for married couples would drop to $2 million from current level of $10 million. A surviving spouses could still claim the remainder of their partner's exemption if some remains unused after death. The rate and $1 million exemption would be adjusted for inflation, beginning at the 2000 level.

The bill would also unify the estate and gift taxes. That means a taxpayer would only have a single exemption of $1 million for their estate and most gifts. The legislation also includes several provisions from Obama's last budget proposal to end targeted estate tax breaks.

While there are not many days left this year, it might be beneficial to make larger gifts today to lock in the 5 Million dollar gift exemption in place now. To discuss how this could change your existing estate tax planning, contact a Florida Estate Planning Lawyer to discuss your specifics.

12 Laws of Christmas - Day 1 Create a Will for $25

Have you been in need of a Florida Will or have a family member that is in need of a new Will? Have you considered using an online service but been afraid of what you might create or what mistakes you may make? Now, you can have a lawyer create a will for only $25. This is not a will that you would find at staples or in a form book, but a fully customizable will based on your needs and desires.

The Apple Law Firm has decided to do 12 great specials for our new and existing clients. Most of the specials will only be valid for the day they are mentioned, but we will honor this special as long as you contact us about it by December 25th and pay for it by the end of the year.

If you want to be the first to find out about the special offers by the Apple Law Firm for the remaining 12 Laws of Christmas, be sure to check this blog daily or subscribe to our blog updates.

Once the personal representative (PR or executor) is appointed by a Florida court, takes the oath of office, and posts bond (if required), then he or she is authorized to administer the decedent's estate. A Florida personal representative has a fiduciary responsibility to the creditors, the IRS, and the beneficiaries for proper administration of the estate. The personal representative must not comingle the estate's funds with his or her own funds, and needs to be fully accountable for all of the decedent's property during the administration of the estate. The personal representative may sell some or all of the assets of the estate to raise cash to pay the debts and expenses of the estate, if necessary or appropriate.

The personal representative is obligated to:

a) Identify, gather, value, and safeguard the assets.
b) Publish the "notice to creditors" in a local newspaper, giving creditors an opportunity to file claims relating to the estate.
c) Serve "notice of administration" on specific persons, giving information about the estate and giving notice of requirements to file any objections relating to the estate.
d) Conduct a diligent search to locate "known or reasonably ascertainable" creditors, and notify them of the time by which their claims must be filed.
e) Contact the Social Security Administration and the Veteran's Administration to apply for any death benefits or survivor benefits for which the decedent's estate may be eligible.
f) Locate insurance policies and apply for benefits if the proceeds are payable to the estate.
g) Contact the decedent's employer and any club or fraternal organization to which the decedent may have belonged to determine if the estate or surviving family members are entitled to any benefits.
h) Examine the circumstances surrounding the decedent's death to determine if there are any claims against third parties, which need to be asserted or preserved, such as claims for wrongful death or worker's compensation.
i) Collect rents, accounts receivable, interest, dividends and other income due to the decedent prior to death and that becomes due to the estate thereafter.
j) Assume the responsibility for any litigation or settlement of pending lawsuits in which the decedent had an interest.
k) Keep the property of the estate in good repair.
l) Keep the estate property invested properly until the administration is complete.
m) Locate and access any safe deposit boxes in the decedent's name.
n) Object to improper claims and defend suits brought on such claims.
o) Pay the valid claims.
p) File all past due and current tax returns.
q) Pay the taxes.
r) Employ necessary professionals to assist in the administration of the estate.
s) Pay the expenses of administration.
t) Distribute the statutory amounts or assets to the surviving spouse or family if claims are made.
u) Distribute the appropriate assets to beneficiaries.
v) Close the probate administration.

No personal representative shall be compelled to pay the debts of the decedent until after the expiration of five (5) months from the first publication of notice to creditors and is obligated to make payment of expenses of administration and creditors' claims against the estate in accordance with the priorities set forth in §733.707, Fla. Stat.

There are 4 types of probate in Florida

1) Disposition without Administration.
This type of probate can only be used when the assets are less than the funeral bills and last medical expenses. This is available only if estate assets consist solely of property classified as exempt from the claims of the decedent's creditors by applicable law and non-exempt personal property, the value of which does not exceed the total of:

1. up to $6,000 in funeral expenses; and


2. the amount of all reasonable and necessary medical and hospital expenses incurred in the last 60 days of the decedent's final illness.

Very few estates will qualify for this type of disposition. The steps involved in a Disposition without Administration are preparing documents and filing them along with a copy of the paid funeral bill.

The current court costs are $231 and the legal fees for this type of probate are the lowest of the three types of probates.

The approximate time frame is less than 30 days.

2) Summary Administration.

This type of probate can only be used when the total value of the assets subject to probate are $75,000 or less, or when the decedent has been dead for more than two years. The steps involved in a summary administration are preparing the documents, publishing notice to creditors, determining homestead (if applicable) and having the funds distributed to creditors and beneficiaries per the court order.

The current court costs are $345, and publication costs range from $30 to $300 depending on the county and newspaper (most are around $150).

The approximate time frame is three to five months unless extraordinary circumstances such as a will contest occur. The estate cannot be closed while litigation is pending.

3) Formal Administration.

This type of probate is for all other estates or whenever a personal representative is required for other purposes. The steps involved in a formal administration are preparing the documents, getting a personal representative appointed, publishing notice to creditors, filing an inventory of the estate, determining homestead (if applicable), distributing the assets to creditors and beneficiaries, and closing the estate.
If you need Letters of Administration for any reason, or if the estate will be subject to litigation, you should open a formal administration.

The current court costs are $400, and publication costs range from $30 to $300 depending on the county and newspaper (most are around $150).

The approximate time frame is four to twelve months unless extraordinary circumstances such as litigation occur. The estate cannot be closed while litigation is pending.

4) Ancillary Administration.

Ancillary administrations are for secondary probate administrations when the decedent's primary estate was in another state, but there was also real property in Florida. Ancillary administrations follow the same procedures as a summary administration or formal administration depending on the date of death, value of the real property, and whether a personal representative is necessary.

The approximate time frames are the same as for the summary or formal administrations above. The estate cannot be closed while litigation is pending.

The eligibility requirements for Medicaid have changed for Florida as of 1/1/2012. There were changed in the income criteria, maximum amount of assets, and maximum equity in your homestead property.

Florida Medicaid Income Limits as of 1/1/2012.

The Applicant's income limits have increased from $2022/ month to $2094/month. If the applicane for Medicaid has income in excessof $2094, they may use a Qualified Income Trust or Miller Trust to help the appllicant qualify for Florida Medicaid Benefits under the Medicaid Asset Test.

Florida Medicaid Asset Limits as of 1/1/2012.

For an individual who is not married, the Applicant can only have $2000 in countable assets. This number is unchanged from 2011.

For an Applicant who is married, their Spouse's Asset limits have increased from $109,560 in 2011 to $113,640 as of 1/1/2012.

If you have more than the maximum assets, we can talk about how to convert countable assets to exempt assets, spend the money appropriately or plan for gifting, loans, or Medicaid compliant Annunites to allow you to qualify even if you have signifiantly more assets than the maximum.

Florida Medicaid Homestead Equity Limits as of 1/1/2012.

An Applicant for Florida Medicaid can have $525K in homestead equity. This value has increased from the $506K which was allowable in 2011. If your home has more than the maximum value of equity, there are ways to reduce the amount of equity to allow you to qualify for Florida Medicaid.

if you or a family memeber will be looking for Florida Medicaid Benefits, you should consult with a Florida Medicaid Lawyer before you apply for coverage to protect excess income or assets and allow you to qualify properly. Many of these techniques can still be used even if the family member is already in a nursing home.

As you or your family members age, it is important to review your Florida Estate Planning Documents with somone who is familiar with Elder law and estate planning because many of the techiniques used for estate planning can cause problems when applying for Florida Medicaid Benefits